Updated Post: 11 May 2024
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The syllabus designed for year II BSc RIT is designed in such a manner that the materials align perfectly with expectations and goals of the course program. Each lessons and learning modules aims to provide a focused purposeful academic attainment in order to assist students understand what expectations are necessary from them and how they should be evaluated.
The notes and pdf are made easily accessible to all students through assignment and notebook maintenance, digital classes, online resources etc. to make sure that all students can have access to the lessons being taught and effectively engage with it. Also the syllabus created for the course program of radiology and imaging technology lay the foundation to provide adaptable continuous improvement. The subjects included in second year of BSc RIT program are given in the table below:
Theory 100 marks
Unit 1
Reproductive Organs of both male and female: male and female gonads; testes, prostate, ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, etc.
Unit 2
Liver and Spleen pancreas: gall bladder, biliary tree, biliary duct, pancreatic duct, bile juice, pancreatic juice.
Unit 3
Excretory organs: kidneys, ureters, urethra of male & female, urinary bladder; heme catabolism-bilirubin, liver detoxification, sweat glands, eccrine glands.
Unit 4
Skeletal Muscles: the head, face and neck; muscles of upper and lower extremities; muscles of the trunk. Smooth muscles, cardiac muscles.
Unit 5
Cranial cavity, pleural cavity, abdominal cavity.
Theory 100 marks
Unit 1
Blood composition, blood function as transportation, regulation and protection. Bone marrow, stem cells. Blood as thermal energy. Blood cells formation. Mechanism of blood clotting.
Unit 2
Cerebrospinal fluid formation and function, choroid plexus, organic and inorganic components of CSF. Active transport of ions, blood plasma, osmolality, lateral foramina of Luschka, medial foramina of Magendie.CSF clearance.
Unit 3
Special senses functions: eye and vision, lens, eye reflexes. Hearing and balance, chemical senses- tastes and smell, olfactory receptors, mechanisms of equilibrium-static equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium.
Unit 4
Fluids and transport, energy maintenance and environmental exchange, electrolytes, acid-base balance.
Unit 5
Physiology of the reproductive system, development and inheritance.
Unit 6
Lymphatic system, immune system.
Unit 7
Metabolism and Nutrition: carbohydrate metabolism, chemical metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, nutrition and diet, energy and heat balance.
Unit 8
Regulation, Integration and Control: physiology of nervous system, nervous tissues. Somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system, the neurological exam, the endocrine system, exocrine glands and function.
Theory 100 marks
Unit 1
Contrast media: HOCM, LOCM, ionic and non-ionic contrast media, oral contrast, IV contrast, adverse effects of contrast media, Excretion route of contrast media-renal excretion (through kidney), hepatobiliary excretion (through liver & bile ducts), gastrointestinal excretion (through digestive system.
Unit 2
Special procedures of X-ray: RGU/MCU, IVP, HSG, Percutaneous Trans-hepatic Cholangiography, Barium swallow, barium meal series, barium meal follow through, barium enema, fistulogram, sinogram, dacrocystography, angiography.
Unit 3
Guidelines for X-ray room design and location: Dark room--Ventilation, chemical storage and handling, safelight, quality control. AERB guidelines, ICRP guidelines, NABH, NABL.
Unit 4
High K.V technique: Penetration, contrast, reduced patient dose, motion artifacts, dose efficiency, and image noise.
Unit 5
Soft tissue radiography: Soft tissues, organs, muscles, ligaments, tendons, blood vessels and any non-bony anatomical structures.
Unit 6
Forensic radiography: ante mortem and post mortem radiographs, modalities related to forensic radiography- CT, NM, US, X-ray, dental identification as in OPG, angiography and venography. Uses of forensic radiology.
Unit 7
Air gap technique: inverse square law, magnification radiography, SID, FID, spatial resolution.
Unit 8
Foreign body radiography: uses of foreign body radiography, role of a radiographer in foreign body radiography.
Theory 100 marks
Unit 1
Principle of Ultrasound, equipment description, types of transducers, indications of ultrasound.
Unit 2
Types of ultrasound, the sound spectrum, the physics of transducers.
Unit 3
Doppler physics, tissue characterization in ultrasound.
Unit 4
Three dimensional ultrasound, artifacts in ultrasound.
Unit 5
Image formation of ultrasound, computerization of data, image recording.
Unit 6
Ultrasound safety, reproductive effects and risks, transvaginal ultrasound, transvaginal Doppler duplex system, transvaginal color Doppler imaging, the obstetric ultrasound.
Unit 7
Gynecologic ultrasound examination, assessment of normal fetal growth, fetal behavior states, fetal breathing movements, activity of the fetal, twins, fetal tumors, placenta and umbilical cord, role of ultrasound in delivery suite, pregnant cervix ultrasonography, screening for ovarian cancer.
Theory 100 marks
Unit 1
Computed Tomography: Principle, DAS concepts, Image reconstruction, CT scan instrumentation, CT generation.
Unit 2
Spiral or helical CT scan: single or multi slice CT scan, electron beam CT, mobile CT scan, and mobile CT scan.
Unit 3
CT gantry, components of gantry.
Unit 4
Principle of Spiral CT scan or helical CT scan, image reconstruction, pitch-single slice CT pitch, multi slice CT beam pitch. Spiral CT scanning parameters.
Unit 5
CT contrast, indications and contraindications of CT scan, kidney function test, liver function test.
Theory 100 marks
Unit 1
Basic principle of MRI: Magnetism, MR signal, resonance, angular momentum, magnetic moment, the hydrogen nucleus.
Unit 2
Relaxation and Recovery: longitudinal and transverse magnetization, free induction decay signal.
Unit 3
Contrast mechanism: T1 and T2 contrast, image contrast, proton density contrast, image weighing, T2* decay, introduction to pulse sequence.
Unit 4
Gradients: phase and frequency encoding, data collection and image formation, k space description, k space filling.
Unit 5
Spin echo pulse sequence: basic anatomical sequences, coils and its types, inversion recovery pulse sequence, SPGR, SSFP, FAST gradient echo, echo planar imaging, fast and water signal separation methods, rapid scan techniques.
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